Jeg har faktisk undre mig et stykke tid over, hvordan effekt på opioide receptore kan give ikke bare analgetisk effekt, men anæstetisk effekt - hvis nogen kan kaste lys over dette kunne det være fedt.
Petidin/meperidine.

Jf. medicin.dk er enkeltdosis af petidin 100 mg. Selvom petidin langtfra er et specielt potent opioid, har det en plads, da opdagelsen af petidins effekt på opioide receptorer gav information om de essentielle strukturelle elementer af opioid agonister. De essentielle elementer lod til at være den aromatiske ring og piperidin ringen i en bestemt orientering og rummæssig placering iforhold til hinanden. AFAIK var Dr. Janssens lead til syntetisering af alle fentanyl derivaterne netop petidin.
Fentanyl:

Fra wiki
Citat:
Fentanyl is approximately 100 times more potent than morphine,[6] with 100 micrograms of Fentanyl approximately equivalent to 10 mg of morphine and 75 mg of pethidine (meperidine) in analgesic activity.[7] It has an LD50 of 3.1 milligrams per kilogram in rats, 0.03 milligrams per kilogram in monkeys, and an undetermined LD50 in humans.
Indtil nu har jeg ikke knyttet en eneste kommentar til ruseffekten af disse opioider, men jeg har relativt stor respekt for fentanyl, da jeg synes at den respirations deprimerende effekt af fentanyl er ret mærkbar. Men her har vi altså et opiod, der har rusdoser i ca. samme størrelsesorden som LSD. Som det ses passer fentanyl ind i modellen nævnt under petidin.
Nogle fentanyl derivater
Carfentanyl:

Ok, hvis man er bare lidt narko-nørd, så er det svært at komme udenom at carfentanyl er interessant af flere grunde

Det er et af de mest potente opioider - overgået af det mest potente kendt af mennesker: lofentanyl
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lofentanil , hvor dosen ligger under en milliontedel af et gram! Wiki:
Citat:
It has a quantitative potency approximately 10,000 times that of morphine and 100 times that of fentanyl, with activity in humans starting at about 1 μg. It is marketed under the trade name Wildnil as a tranquilizer for large animals.[1] Carfentanil is intended for animal use only as its extreme potency makes it inappropriate for use in humans. Currently sufentanil, approximately 10-20 times less potent (500 to 1000 times the efficacy of morphine per weight) than carfentanil, is the maximum strength fentanyl analog for use in humans.
En historie sjov historie er at carfentanyl har været anvendt militært af russerne (skøre russere...?) - her er wiki's historie om episoden:
Citat:
Allegedly, during the 2002 Moscow theater hostage crisis, the Russian military made use of an aerosol form of either carfentanil or another similar drug such as 3-methylfentanyl to subdue Chechen hostage takers.[2] Its short action, easy reversibility and therapeutic index (10600 vs. 300 for fentanyl) would make it a near-perfect agent for this purpose. Wax et al. surmise from the available evidence that the Moscow emergency services had not been informed of the use of the agent, but were instructed to bring opioid antagonists. Because of the lack of information provided, the emergency workers did not bring adequate supplies of naloxone or naltrexone (opioid antagonists) to prevent complications in many of the victims. Assuming that carfentanil was the only active constituent (which has not been verified by the Russian military), the primary acute toxic effect to the theatre victims would have been opioid-induced apnea; in this case mechanical ventilation and/or treatment with opioid antagonists would have been life-saving for many or all victims.
Vildt. Jeg mener alle gidsler og terrorister døde? Mon de døde lykkelige? Ok det skal man ikke joke med, men altså...